Efficacy and effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines and monoclonal antibodies against lower respiratory tract disease in older adults and infants

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that causes mild symptoms in most people; however, it can manifest as serious lower respiratory tract disease/lower respiratory tract infection in infants and older adults with underlying conditions or weakened immune systems. Monitoring vaccine performance through efficacy and effectiveness studies is crucial for understanding and improving vaccination benefits, and for evaluating how circulating and evolving RSV types affect vaccine performance in both clinical settings and real-world conditions, while also considering various outcomes and populations.